A Novel Approach for Controlling Biofilm Formation on Ossicular Chain Reconstruction Prostheses

The potential risk of infection due to the biofilm formation on implant surface constitutes one of the drawbacks of hydroxyapatite ossicular chain prostheses. The current study explores the use of chitosan nanoparticles as an antimicrobial agent impregnated in hydroxyapatite to prevent pathogenic colonization and subsequent suboptimal outcomes associated with ossicular reconstruction surgeries. In the current study, chitosan nanoparticles were chemically synthesized in the laboratory using ionic gelation method. Characterization of these nanoparticles was carried out by UVvisible spectrophotometer and maximum absorption was noted at 350nm. SEM analysis revealed spherical morphology of chitosan nanoparticles with size ranging from 45nm to 50 nm. The antimicrobial activity of chitosan nanoparticles was tested against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus, common pathogens associated with ossicular implant infections. Further, models of hydroxyapatite ossicular implants were impregnated with chitosan nanoparticles and checked against the test organisms. A significant reduction in biofilm formation was seen; indicating that chitosan nanoparticles could provide a novel approach in controlling ossicular chain reconstruction prostheses associated infections.